ISKCON Bangalore Case: Reality of Ritvikism
The ISKCON Bangalore case revolves around a long-standing legal and theological dispute within the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON). The central issue pertains to the system of initiation—specifically, ISKCON Bangalore’s adoption of the “Ritvik” system versus the traditional guru-parampara system accepted by ISKCON worldwide.
Background
ISKCON was founded by A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada in 1966. Before his passing in 1977, he appointed 11 disciples to act as ritvik representatives—officiating priests who would initiate new disciples on his behalf. The dispute arises from whether this system was meant to continue after his departure.
ISKCON Bangalore’s Stand
ISKCON Bangalore holds that Srila Prabhupada is the sole diksha (initiating) guru for ISKCON for all time and that no one else can become a guru in the traditional sense. Therefore, all initiations are performed through ritviks, and new disciples become direct disciples of Srila Prabhupada.
Legal Battle
The legal battle between ISKCON Bangalore and ISKCON Mumbai has lasted for over two decades. While both parties claim legitimacy over the ISKCON name and properties, the Supreme Court of India ruled in 2022 that ISKCON Mumbai is the rightful owner of the ISKCON trademark and assets, including the Bangalore temple. However, ISKCON Bangalore continues to operate independently under different legal provisions.
Criticism of Ritvikism
Many senior ISKCON leaders and scholars argue that Ritvikism is a deviation from the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition. They emphasize the importance of living spiritual masters in guiding disciples, a principle deeply rooted in scripture and tradition. Critics assert that Ritvikism undermines the dynamic nature of guru-disciple succession and lacks scriptural endorsement beyond Prabhupada’s final instructions.
Theological Implications
The debate has theological implications beyond institutional control. If Ritvikism is accepted, it fundamentally alters the guru-parampara structure. If it’s rejected, it reaffirms the necessity of current spiritual masters for the continuity of the disciplic chain.
The ISKCON Bangalore case is more than a legal conflict—it is a defining moment in the evolution of a modern spiritual movement. It challenges devotees and leaders to consider the role of tradition, succession, and authenticity in maintaining the legacy of a spiritual master.
- Religion World Bureau
